Holistic development is a process of self-actualization and learning that combines
an individual's mental, physical, social, emotional and spiritual growth. The
term can be used to describe forms of alternative education that are based on
the more humanistic and democratic outlooks.
Holistic development in children focuses on addressing all of the needs of a child's life: emotional, physical, relational,
intellectual, creative and spiritual. This perspective to development encourages caregivers
and teachers to look at the child as a whole and not focus on the individual parts.
Brought into
popularity in the 1960s and 1970s, the holistic approach to child development
has steadily become more common and led to the development of alternative
approaches to education, such as the Montessori method. In this approach,
traditional fact memorization and passive learning is eschewed for a more open
and explorative method of learning and development.
To nurture the
child as a whole, the holistic approach encourages learning through engagement
of the environment. Each child is looked at as an individual and will find
different learning opportunities through different paths. According to ECE
Educate, at any given moment, the child’s emotions, physical needs and creative
openness will contribute to his development and learning, furthering the idea
that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. A holistic caregiver will
give children opportunities to engage in open-ended play while building warm
relationships and recognizing the importance of the child’s spiritual and
cultural development. Through this holistic approach, the caregiver can focus
on the unique aspects of the child.
Methods for Implementing Holistic Approaches
While there is clearly no one method, Miller (2006) after review of a number of different holistic teaching methodologies, describes four key aspects of holistic approach based teaching:1. Learning is organic, emergent, experimental and based on cooperation. Pre-planned teaching is facilitated only so far as to initiate open ended questioning and inquiry;
2. There is a strong sense of community and engagement between children, parents and educators where those members feel strongly to care for one another
3. There is a great respect for children’s interior life, with methods ranging from environmental spaces that facilitate time out of competitive nosier environments, to time to ask deeper questions about the meaning of life and spirituality.
4. There are strong connections to nature, with the care and connection to the environment incorporated throughout the curriculum.
In another interesting article by Ron Miller he describes the aspirations of the holistic educator:
Holistic education aims to call forth from people an intrinsic reverence for life and a passionate love of learning. This is done, not through an academic "curriculum" that condenses the world into instructional packages, but through direct engagement with the environment. Holistic education nurtures a sense of wonder. Montessori, for example, spoke of "cosmic" education: Help the person feel part of the wholeness of the universe, and learning will naturally be enchanted and inviting. There is no one best way to accomplish this goal, there are many paths of learning and the holistic educator values them all; what is appropriate for some children and adults, in some situations, in some historical and social contexts, may not be best for others. The art of holistic education lies in its responsiveness to the diverse learning styles and needs of evolving human beings (Miller, n.d).
In the UK, some believe that if a child starts school to early then they could damage their learning for life. Children who start school around the age of 6 or 7 are believed to have developed theory-building and meaning-making capacities, giving them the confidence to explore their environment in a way that has real meaning and context for them.
Reference:
https://www.theguardian.com/teacher-network/teacher-blog/2013/dec/10/school-starting-age-five-six-uk-eu
http://www.raiselearning.com.au/blogs/news/5818384-exploring-holistic-approaches-for-early-childhood-educators
Lisa,
ReplyDeleteThank you for such a comprehensive look at holistic education. I agree with you that we are certainly not meeting children in every area of development through current educational methods. Children may be inhibited in their growth and development as we force them to focus on specific standards and goals without enabling them to explore outside the box of conventional thought.
-Elizabeth Dupin
Lisa, you shared very good information about holistic education. I agree that kids childhood today are not like how ours were. They are not as active as we were due to technology (phones, video games, etc). The only way we could have fun was by going outside jumping/running around, singing, and using our imagination. I understand both views when you talk about education in UK. I think that as long as we have a sheet a paper with certain standards that we have to follow then we will never understand the full potential of the child or understand the wholeness of the child and their needs. I think that children age 3 and under should be able to just enjoy their moments of life and learning naturally and not be forced to enroll in school. Their parents are the teachers at those times of children lives. On the other hand, school will be helpful because they will be able to learn how to interact with others,will be able to explore different environments, and work on their physical skills. It's never too early to start learning-kids are precious curious individuals.
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